The Idea Of Black Holes - 1913 Words

The universe is ever-changing and growing with new galaxies, stars, and planets being formed and destroyed every second. Scientists and astronomers are unable to track and monitor the millions and billions of miles of universe growing constantly. Our own galaxy of the Milky Way is in itself unable to be completely discovered, not even mentioning the galaxies yet to be found. Space is a large, mysterious entity that is full of new places and surprises and one of the most misunderstood phenomena in space are black holes. According to NASA, a black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. They are packed full of more mass, which is the amount of matter in space, in an area as little as an atom or as large as a big city (Dunbar). Black holes stem from many theories all combined to explain the ever growing universe and its formation. The idea of black holes was first proposed and inspired by Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity in 1916 . Einstein bounced off of Planck’s Radiation Law that states that electromagnetic energy is emitted in waves, which is presented as heat and the waves change depending on the temperature. Einstein took this idea and proposed that radiation energy comes in packets not waves, as proposed before (Squires). Einstein expanded his ideas to create a new sect of physics and ideas about how the world works. Einstein’s theory states that the law of physics are the same for all observers not in motion andShow MoreRelatedBlack Holes And Its Effects On Society1253 Words   |  6 PagesSupermassive black holes are so mysterious when it comes to the knowledge we know about them. We still don’t know much about them and there will always be conspiracies about them, but we still need to find more information about them to understand more. Black holes are developed when a star’s core collapses and then mass is getting eaten by the core which leads to the star to die in a s upernova explosion. This can go two ways, one is that the star turns into a neutron star, and the second is it turnsRead MoreWhat is a Black Hole?803 Words   |  3 PagesBLACK HOLES Imagine this: no light, no sound, total pitch black darkness. Once you’re in this location, you can never leave. This is what most people envision when they think of a black hole. As for myself, I think of a super-sized vacuum cleaner and the text book confirms my analogy of a vacuum. The boundary of a black hole is called an event horizon and anything that crosses it gets trapped in the black hole (Fix, 2011, p. 489). Once the vacuum sucks an item up, it is gone forever, never to beRead MoreBlack Holes: Forces of Gravity Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesbelieving black holes are the major precipice to these greater understandings. Black holes push and break many modern understandings of physics and time with many mysterious qualities. Insuppressible forces of nature, black holes, are a little understood entity in our universe with a strong influence on modern science. Despite modern culture and its influences on the unknown, a black hole is not a well understood concept even by the greatest of minds. Robert Prigo describes a black hole as â€Å"†¦ a regionRead MoreEssay on The Existence of Black Holes1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe Existence of Black Holes I have always had an interest in science, especially in the sciences regarding outer space. When I was younger I was always fascinated with rockets, and especially in stars. I have often regretted not pursuing this interest at its infancy. I do remember going to the Planetarium, and studying about a topic that I had seen talked about on television. The topic was black holes, and back then all that they knew was that they were black. The idea of a space in the universeRead More Black Holes Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesBlack Holes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every day we look into the night sky, wondering and dreaming what lies beyond our galaxy. Within our galaxy alone, there are millions upon millions of stars. This may be why it interests us to learn about all that we cannot see. Humans have known the existence of stars since they have had eyes, and see them as white glowing specks in the sky. The mystery lies beyond the white glowing specks we see but, in the things we cannot see in the night sky such as black holes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  BeforeRead MoreUnderstanding Black Holes Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is one object that stands to elude scientists still, the black hole. Albert Einstein, and all the brilliant scientists after his, help to design and create a part of the universe that’s very crucial to understanding existence. The perimeters of a black hole have been a great this that has been discussed and observed to the point where it eventually becomes clear as its compared to objects around or like it. The physics of the black holes existence is still unclear for it shows properties that supportRead MoreBlack Holes : A Black Hole926 Words   |  4 PagesBlack holes should probably not be called black holes. In fact, black holes are anything but empty space. Black holes are a great amount of matter packed and squeezed into a very small area. The result of this amount of matter squeezed into a small area results in a gravitational field so strong that nothing, not even lig ht, can escape. Scientists do not have the ability to directly observe black holes with telescopes that detect x-rays, light, or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. HoweverRead MoreEssay about Black Holes1025 Words   |  5 Pages Black Holes Within our galaxy alone, there are millions upon millions of stars. Within our universe, there are millions upon millions of galaxies. Humans have known the existance of stars since they have had eyes. Although interpretations may have differed on what they were, they were always thought of as white glowing specks in the sky, but the mystery does not lie within what we can see, but what we can not see. There are billions of stars lighting the darkness of our universe, but the questionRead MoreThe Wonderous Mystery of Black Holes1668 Words   |  7 Pagestheories helped predict that black holes actually occupy the universe vastly (Wiki authors). Because black holes are virtually invisible to the human eye, since not even light can escape their clutches, it is hard to understand something that can’t be seen or even assume it exists. Though the concept of black holes can be traced back to 1795, to Pierre Simon Laplace, who originally proposed the idea. It was Karl Schwarzchil d to be the first to start proving black holes exist from the research ofRead MoreA Brief History of Time Summary Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagesprinciple, elementary particles and the forces of nature, black holes, and the origin and fate of the universe. The first chapter, our picture of the universe, Hawking gives a small amount of background information pertaining to how the current picture was developed. Aristotle, one of the first scientists to live on in infamy, believed the Earth was round; however, he also believed in a geocentric solar system. Ptolemy, agreeing with Aristotle’s ideas, created a planetary model describing the position

I, Too by Langston Hughes Essay - 685 Words

I, Too by Langston Hughes A situation can be interpreted into several different meanings when observed through the world of poetry. A poet can make a person think of several different meanings to a poem when he or she is reading it. Langston Hughes wrote a poem titled I, Too. In this poem he reveals the Negro heritage and the pride that he has in his heritage and in who he is. Also, Hughes uses very simple terms that allow juvenile interpretations and reading. The poem begins I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. From those two lines alone, one can see that he is proud of who he is and introducing himself to the reader. In the line I, too, sing America he is explaining that he is an American like everyone else†¦show more content†¦I, Too really exhibits the black man and his will to do well even under pressuring conditions to be some one that he is not. This pressure leads to a whole new line of confidence and pride shown in the third stanza. Hughes did not make this poem very long and narrative, instead, he made it quick and to the point. On line three he says, They send me to eat in the kitchen when company comes. In saying those words, he is saying that the people are inferring that because he is of darker color he has been scolded and deprived of his freedom. The people have sent him to the kitchen to eat because they felt that he was not of high enough standards to eat in the kitchen when the company comes. Also, this may mean that the people are afraid of what the company might say when they see a black man in the house. The word formation is simplistic and does not contain words that are hard to understand and read. All poems have different style and line lengths and as a part of this variety I, Too consists of lines that are very short and to the point. He does not use much alliteration in the text and his words do not rhyme, but they relate in such ways to keep the readers attention. When moving toward the end of the poem, one can find out how Hughes tells in bold words how he views himself and reveals his identity. In the final lines, he wrote, Then, besides, theyll see how beautiful IShow MoreRelatedI, Too By Langston Hughes881 Words   |  4 Pagesrules over you with no regards. This was the America before the civil right movement that started in 1954. After experiencing racial discrimination and racism in college, Langston Hughes dropped put and decide to move to Harem and began his work their as a poet, and social activist. One of famous work is the poem called, â€Å"I, Too†, it explores the history of racial prejudice, from its present toward the longing future. This ambitious poem expresses the speaker’s resistance to forbid under the pressureRead MoreIn Langston Hughes â€Å"I, Too, Sing America†. Langston Hughes,1352 Words   |  6 Pages In Langston Hughes â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† Langston Hughes, â€Å"I too, Sing America† chronicles an African-American male’s struggle with patriotism in an age of inequality and segregation in the United States. The poem cleverly uses metaphors to represent racial segregation faced by African-Americans during the early twentieth century. The speaker presents a cry for equality and acceptance, and his words are a plea and a declaration for equality. Although, the poem does not directly imply racism, theRead MoreAnalysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes881 Words   |  4 PagesENG 102-71 Poetry Mini Research Paper 10/29/17 Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† Langston Hughes was a renowned poet and writer during the Harlem Renaissance. His background shaped the overall themes of his poems. Segregation and equality were the main subjects for Hughes’s writing. Langston Hughes wrote about the racial discrimination that African Americans faced during the Harlem Renaissance, and this theme resonated throughout the poem â€Å"I, Too†. Hughes was one of the boldest African American writersRead MoreAnalysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes1018 Words   |  5 PagesLangston Hughes was one of the most prominent African American writers of the twentieth century. He worked through a variety of mediums, including playwriting, songwriting, newspaper articles, memoirs, and poetry. Throughout all of his works, he constantly promoted and exhibited the rich culture and heritage of African Americans. He also made a great deal of racial commentary in his writings. His poems â€Å"I, too† and â€Å"Mother to Son† particularly illustrate these topics. Through the three poems, HughesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes771 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.† ( pg 261 # pgh 3 ). This quote comes from Dr. Martin Luther King jr. on I have a dream and is interesting because how they were supposed to be free when abraham lincoln along time ago but s till arent free . This person said this during the Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement was â€Å"The civil rights movement was a mass popular movement to secure for African Americans equal access to and opportunities for the basic privilegesRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s I, Too1077 Words   |  5 Pageswhat make a true American. In â€Å"I, Too,† Langston Hughes discusses the theme of racial equality through the use of metaphor, symbolism, and imagery. Langston Hughes was born on February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Hughes parents James Hughes and Carrie Langston divorced because James studied law and was denied permission by the all-white examining board to take the Oklahoma Territory exam. James Hughes decided to move to Mexico to practice law freely. Carrie Langston moved to Lawrence to find anRead MoreI Too, Sing America By Langston Hughes925 Words   |  4 PagesTashi Wangyal Prof. Hendrickson English 102 29 June 2017 Futurist-The Langston Hughes In his poem â€Å"I, too, sing America,† Langston Hughes has positively predict that there will be no racial segregation, inequality, injustice, and discrimination in society for African Americans in the near future. Whereas it is also true that African Americans have suffered a lot during the twentieth century. Hughes is correct in his prediction that he foresees racial equality in society and African Americans areRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem I, Too978 Words   |  4 Pages Langston Hughes America, the ideals of freedom, equality, and opportunity traditionally held to be available to every American. This is what everyone was told, what the Declaration of Independence states. But, Langston Hughes a black American poet in the Harlem Renaissance period saw the truth. Being an African American in the United States during the early 1900’s was difficult. Many lived a life full of hardships; segregation, prejudice and economic hardships, viewed as second-class citizensRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem, I, Too1193 Words   |  5 Pagesrights against those who tries to take it away. In the poem, I, Too, Langston Hughes shows that to be an American means that you should refuse to buckle under awful pressures. The speaker, an African American man, was denied the rights to sit down at the dinner table when company comes. However, the speaker â€Å"laugh and eat well and [grew] strong† then no one will dare say to him â€Å"eat in the kitchen† then. The African American man â€Å"too, am America.† The speaker decided to take the time in the kitchenRead MoreRobert Hayden And I, Too, Sing America By Langston Hughes1706 Words   |  7 PagesIn the poems â€Å"Frederick Douglass† by Robert Hayden and â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† by Langston Hughes, both authors engage in the common themes of race, oppression, and freedom, but Hayden contextualizes the theme in a wider mindset instead of narrowing it down to just black oppression, while Langston contextualizes the theme with a direct approach to black oppression and freedom. Not only a re the approaches to the topic different, but they also relate through the messages that they are conveying about

Poetic Analysis Essay “the First Snowfall” Example For Students

Poetic Analysis Essay: â€Å"the First Snowfall† The First Snowfall, written by James Russel Lowell,contains many examples of literary devices, as well as examples of how the devices are presented. In Lowell’s poem, he writes about the beginning of a light snow, conveying the coming of soft winter, and about how the coming winter reminds a man of his daughter who has died. Lowell demonstrates these thoughts through literary devices and figurative languages such as metaphors, imagery and allusion. Here are examples of these devices, and explanations of how they are harnessed in The First Snowfall. The figurative language in Lowells poem is used to communicate an understanding of the complexity or abstractness of a subjects actions. The first four stanzas of The First Snowfall discuss a cold day, in which it starts to lightly snow. Here, James Lowell states â€Å"I stood and watched by the window The noiseless work of the sky,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lowell,13-14). Through this statement he uses metaphor in a way to describe the quiet way the snow is falling. Lowell is not explaining the actual work of the sky, but is explaining the melancholy silence of the winter snow that day. Another example of figurative language here would be when Lowell says, â€Å"I thought of a mound in sweet Auburn Where a little headstone stood; how the flakes were folding it gently, as did the robins the babes in the woods† (Lowell, 17-20). In this stanza, Lowell describes the way the snow is falling, and gathering atop of a headstone in the Auburn cemetery. Imagery is another device used in the First Snowfall. Lowell uses imagery well to create a setting for readers, with descriptive words. He says, â€Å"And the poorest twig on the elm tree was ridged inch deep with pearl† (Lowell, 7-8). This quote brings the snow covered trees to mind, by describing how not even the smallest twig of a tree could be left uncovered by snow during the cold winter. Allusion is the the subtle reference to a popular subject such as a place, movie, or book. This device can be seen in stanza three of The First Snowfall. â€Å"From sheds new-roofed with Carrara Came Chanticleer’s muffled crow,† (Lowell 9-10). With this quote, we can see the use of allusion in line 10. â€Å"Chanticleer’s muffled crow† refers to an old European tale called the Chanticleer and the Fox. This story is about a rooster, the Chanticleer, and his struggle with a fox who is out to get him. The reference inputs the fact that the Chanticleer crowing in the poem, is a rooster like the Chanticleer in the story. James Russell Lowell takes care in creating an idea of the characters feelings about winter, and how the winter brings out the main characters nostalgia of his passed daughter. It can also be understood that the main characters dead daughter may live vicariously through his living daughter, in the main characters eyes. We understand this through his many uses of literary devices. However, the use of figurative language and imagery create a setting and picture of whats going on in the story; while allusion may add a connection to a common subject that the reader may be familiar to. These are great examples of literary devices and Lowell presents them well in his poem, The First Snowfall.

Many People Believe Abortion Is A Moral Issue, But It Is Also Essays

Many people believe abortion is a moral issue, but it is also a constitutional issue. It is a woman's right to choose what she does with her body, and it should not be altered or influenced by anyone else. This right is guaranteed by the ninth amendment, which contains the right to privacy. The ninth amendment states: "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." This right guarantees the right to women, if they so choose, to have an abortion, up to the end of the first trimester. Regardless of the fact of morals, a woman has the right to privacy and choice to abort her fetus. The people that hold a "pro-life" view argue that a woman who has an abortion is killing a child. The "pro-choice" perspective holds this is not the case. A fetus is not yet a baby. It does not posess the criteria derived from our understanding of living human beings. In a notable defense of this position, philosopher Mary Anne Warren has proposed the following criteria for "person-hood": 1) consciousness (of objects and events external and or internal to the being), and in particular the capacity to feel pain. 2) reasoning (the developed capacity to solve new and relatively complex problems) 3) self-motivated activity (activity which is relatively independent of either genetic or direct external control) 4) the capacity to communicate, by whatever means, messages of an indefinite variety of possible contents, but on indefinltely many possible topics. 5) the presence of self-concepts, and self-awareness, either individual or social, or both. (Taking Sides -Volume 3). Several cases have been fought for the right to choose. Many of these have been hard cases with very personal feelings, but the perserverance showed through and gives us the rights we have today. Here are some important cases: 1965 - Griswold v. Connecticut - upheld the right to privacy and ended the ban on birth control. Eight years later, the Supreme Court ruled the right to privacy included abortions. Roe v. Wade was based upon this case. 1973 - Roe v. Wade: - The state of Texas had outlawed abortions. The Supreme Court declared the law unconstitutional, but refused to order an injunction against the state. On January 22, 1973, the Supreme Court voted the right to privacy included abortions. In 1976, Planned Parenthood v. Danforth (Missouri) ruled that requiring consent by the husband and the consent from a parent if a person was under 18 was unconstitutional. This case supported a woman's control over her own body and reproductive system. Justice William Brennan stated: "If the right to privacy means anything, it is the right of the individual, married or single, to be free from unwanted governmental intrusion into matters so fundamentally affecting a person as the decision to bear or beget a child." Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in the world today. Everyone has their own individual opinion. A woman's body is hers and hers alone. Nobody has the right to make her do something that she does not want to. The Supreme Court has stated it is the women's right to have an abortion, if she so chooses, according to Roe v. Wade. In later cases however, the Court has upheld Roe in Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992). In the same ruling, though, the Court gave states new powers to restrict access to abortions. (Hardy, pg. 189). Abortion deals with one's private life and should have nothing to do with the government. However, abortion should not be used as a means of birth control, but if a fetus will be unwanted, it is better to be aborted than to be abused or neglected. Many people try to force their beliefs on others and judge them for their actions. These people need to judge themselves before they start to judge others. The bottom line is no matter what anyone thinks the laws speak for themselves. It is a woman's right to privacy to control her reproductive system guaranteed by the constitution. Although there are some restrictions on abortion, due to the states' rights, it is still ultimately the woman's choice. It is not a requirement for some states to fund for abortions, therefore, especially in these states it should be the woman's choice. Abortion is an issue of women, and so it should be the woman's right to choose. She has the free will to consider others views and opinions such as that of the father, but it is her ultimate decision guaranteed by

Free Essays on Us Issue

It has been said that the post-Cold War scenario poses several challenges to the United States with the emergence of various threats to American National Security. Also since the end of the Cold War, a fourth category of countries has appeared on the international stage, in addition to the industrialized and developing countries and those in transition. It comprises countries at war or emerging from conflict in which the state has been foundering in human rights violations like genocide and intercommunal massacres. In addition, there now exist various countries that have been swayed or coerced to patronize religious fanaticism. It is important to recognize the existence of these countries because the threat that they pose has become more relentless in the post-Cold War world. Arguably one of the most devastating national security threats that they pose is that of the aid that they provide to encourage the proliferation of chemical, biological, nuclear, and missile technology. Another complication to this dilemma is that the control of such weapons is in the hands of terrorist organizations that are not based in any specific state, capable of transferring their resources to various locations through a complex terrorist network throughout the globe. I believe that the aforementioned threat is the most important and possibly devastating threat to the United States in the post-Cold War Era, since most of the old threats that once put on the line American national security has been diminished or at least radically decreased. The threat from conventional Russian military forces has all but disintegrated and would take many years to reinstate. China with its vast geographical area and enormous supply of human resources should only be vigilantly observed but not considered as a major threat as of the moment. It would take at least 20 up to 30 years to transform its bloated and obsolete military into a major threat to U.S. vital interests.... Free Essays on Us Issue Free Essays on Us Issue It has been said that the post-Cold War scenario poses several challenges to the United States with the emergence of various threats to American National Security. Also since the end of the Cold War, a fourth category of countries has appeared on the international stage, in addition to the industrialized and developing countries and those in transition. It comprises countries at war or emerging from conflict in which the state has been foundering in human rights violations like genocide and intercommunal massacres. In addition, there now exist various countries that have been swayed or coerced to patronize religious fanaticism. It is important to recognize the existence of these countries because the threat that they pose has become more relentless in the post-Cold War world. Arguably one of the most devastating national security threats that they pose is that of the aid that they provide to encourage the proliferation of chemical, biological, nuclear, and missile technology. Another complication to this dilemma is that the control of such weapons is in the hands of terrorist organizations that are not based in any specific state, capable of transferring their resources to various locations through a complex terrorist network throughout the globe. I believe that the aforementioned threat is the most important and possibly devastating threat to the United States in the post-Cold War Era, since most of the old threats that once put on the line American national security has been diminished or at least radically decreased. The threat from conventional Russian military forces has all but disintegrated and would take many years to reinstate. China with its vast geographical area and enormous supply of human resources should only be vigilantly observed but not considered as a major threat as of the moment. It would take at least 20 up to 30 years to transform its bloated and obsolete military into a major threat to U.S. vital interests....

The Political, Social, and Personal Implications of Democracy Term Paper

The Political, Social, and Personal Implications of Democracy - Term Paper Example The discussion is primarily centered towards the political, social, and personal implications of democracy, which this paper is able to identify critically as having a direct connection to the capitalist system with which democracy is compatible. The corresponding statuses of people in the capitalist system resulted in their commodification and dispossession, contrary to the right to life, liberty, and property, which democracy has initially espoused. Democracy is a form of government in which people exercise political power. It has been defined in terms of "sources of authority for government, purposes served by government, and procedures for constituting a government" (Huntington 1991, p. 6). Democracy has been a thriving governmental and political concept in the past and even at present, replacing old remnants of monarchy that for a long time, constituted the social and economic lives of people. Democracy has changed how people deal with social patterns, particularly on their awar eness of political, economic, and individual rights, which were unknown concepts prior to its conception (Rueschemeyer et al., 1991). The dynamism of democracy has apparently transformed various social institutions such as government, religion, trade, and education. Not only is the capacity of people to participate in political affairs covered by it, but also the reinforcement of their natural rights (Huntington 1991). Democracy has indeed become a guideline on how states can best manage the conduct of their affairs. Democracy has various political implications. Not only is the concept limited to the functions of the branches of government, but it has also broadened into the aspects of securing individual and civil rights, economic freedom, and social democracy. It contributed to the resurrection of the right to suffrage, which the Athenians initially introduced in their concept of direct democracy in nation-states. Monarchial and totalitarian systems denied this right to subjects. This denial during the pre-democratic society was due to an establishment of an autocratic empire in which the monarch (the king) was considered the absolute figurehead, and all powers of government emanated from him. This system complemented with the growth of the Church, in which a popular maxim proliferated, "the act of the government is the act of God" (Evans 2004). With democracy, newfound freedom of men and women established a stronger political and social foundation in which the political life of the nation is founded. The construction of a democratic charter in a form of a Constitution delineates the political and constitutional rights of people in a democratic state, securing and clothing them with constitutional provisions, inducible whenever necessary. Democracy has given individuals the enjoyment of various rights ranging from political (right to citizenship, to suffrage, to assembly, to information on matters of public concern, etc.) to personal (right to privacy, to re ligion, liberty of abode and changing the same, etc.). Women were finally permitted to exercise their right to vote and found recluse in education from only being mere administrators of the household. Hence, they pursued careers, education, and participation in political and social departments originally designated to men alone.

Racial & Sex Discrimination in the Medical Profession Essay

Racial & Sex Discrimination in the Medical Profession - Essay Example category within the social domain, then racism has all the rights to be a simple derivative originating from race as well as the resultant that arises from the experiences happening on a social front. The Webster’s New American Dictionary has defined racism as a distinctive belief that holds weight for different races having superiority in nature over each other. Thus to understand racism one needs to get deep down inside the very basics of this stigma in essence. It surely is a hot topic the world over and one which has caused quite a roar amongst the relevant circles. It has also made its due round of controversies every now and then and lingers on as a divide between the racially superior fraternities and the inferior lots. Similarly sex discrimination is a touchy topic, more so for the gentler gender. Sex discrimination, much like racial aspects has been the bane for so long now that the world has become sick of such topics emanating from all angles time and again. Governments do not directly take an active part in detailing their views to all about the racial differences that their charter has in accordance with the law of a particular country but they, every now and then, take certain significant steps, which help in curtailing racial discriminations from emanating in their respective societies. Their efforts in the field of health and providing basic first aid though are not that concrete at the best of times yet are overshadowed by a sudden outburst of racial fighting and hatred for each other which lead to the abandonment of any such proper healthcare that there was available in the first place. Racial and sex discrimination can give rise to domestic violence across towns; suburbs, cities and even on a national level whereby the whole country can get affected due to it. People get disturbed, as do their families and the whole religious/race group feels knocked out at the hands of the suppressing party. Racial discrimination leads to hatred within the